地球内部的超级羽流
(原标题: Superplumes Inside Earth)
2026-05-04
浏览次数: 1535
为什么地球内部会有巨大而不寻常的质量？没人能确定。通过观察地震如何轰隆隆地穿过地球内部，人类发现了两个深层结构，它们似乎具有不同寻常的温度和/或化学成分。一种假说认为，超级羽流是大约45亿年前那次撞击地球的碰撞留下的沉没碎片，那次碰撞创造了地球的月球。另一种与之竞争的假设是，它们是过去几十亿年里缓慢地相互滑动的古老构造板块的墓地。无论它们的起源如何，超级火山柱被认为会影响地球表面的火山活动，例如，可能会形成夏威夷这样的岛链。也被称为大低剪切速度省（llsvp），地球的超级羽流在特色动画中可视化。
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Why are there huge, unusual masses inside the Earth? No one is sure. By noting how earthquakes rumble through our planet's interior, humanity has discovered two deep structures that appear to have unusual temperatures and/or chemical compositions. One hypothesis holds that the superplumes are sunken debris left over from the Earth-shattering collision that created Earth's Moon about 4.5 billion years ago. A competing hypothesis is that they are graveyards for old tectonic plates that slowly slid under each other over the past few billion years. No matter their origin, the superplumes are thought to affect Earth’s surface volcanism, possibly creating, for example, island chains such as Hawaii. Also known as large low-shear-velocity provinces (LLSVPs), Earth's superplumes are visualized in the featured animation.